According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, employers can ask job applicants about:

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), employers are allowed to ask job applicants about their ability to perform specific job functions that are essential to the job. This ensures that the employer can evaluate whether the applicant can meet the essential requirements of the position. The focus is on the individual's ability to perform the job, regardless of any disabilities they may have.

Asking applicants about their ability to perform specific job functions helps employers make informed decisions based on the skills and competencies relevant to the job. It is important to note that while employers can assess an applicant's qualifications related to job functions, they must avoid any inquiries that directly relate to a person's medical history or disability status, as these could lead to discrimination and violate the ADA's provisions.